# Introduction

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### What is the Internet? <a href="#what-is-the-internet" id="what-is-the-internet"></a>

Before we learn what the Internet is, we need to understand what a *Network* is. A network is a group of computers or other devices which are connected to each other. For example, you at your home might have a network of computers and devices. Your friend living next door might have a similar network of devices.

The Internet is a global network of computers connected to each other that communicate through a standardized set of protocols.

* **Packet:** A small unit of data that is transmitted over the internet.
* **Router:** A device that directs packets of data between different networks.
* **IP Address:** A unique identifier assigned to each device on a network, used to route data to the correct destination.
* **Domain Name:** A human-readable name that is used to identify a website, such as google.com.
* **DNS:** The Domain Name System is responsible for translating domain names into IP addresses.
* **HTTP:** The Hypertext Transfer Protocol is used to transfer data between a client (such as a web browser) and a server (such as a website).
* **HTTPS:** An encrypted version of HTTP that is used to provide secure communication between a client and server.
* **SSL/TLS:** The Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security protocols are used to provide secure communication over the internet.

### Wires, Cables, and Wi-Fi <a href="#wires-cables-and-wi-fi" id="wires-cables-and-wi-fi"></a>

Information on the Internet moves from one computer to another in the form of bits over various mediums, including Ethernet cables, fiber optic cables, and wireless signals (i.e., radio waves).


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